Determinantes sociais de saúde de crianças em consulta de puericultura: das condições socioeconômicas aos aspectos relacionados à saúde bucal / Social determinants of health of children in child care consultation: from socioeconomic conditions to aspects related to oral health / Determinantes sociales de la salud de los niños en la consulta infantil: de las condiciones socioeconómicas a los aspectos relacionados con la salud bucal

A imaturidade do sistema imunológico, associado a Determinantes Sociais de Saúde (DSS), promove doenças na infância. Especificamente, na cavidade oral, os DSS, representados pelo consumo elevado de açúcar, limitado acesso aos serviços de saúde e deficiência na higiene bucal, favorecem transtornos locais e sistêmicos. Assim, o estudo objetivou associar os DSS, no contexto das condições socioeconômicas, do acompanhamento pelo serviço de saúde e dos aspectos relacionados à saúde bucal de crianças atendidas em Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) de um município cearense. Trata-se de estudo observacional, analítico, transversal e de abordagem quantitativa, conduzido com crianças e suas mães em Acarape - CE. Após consentimento, essas preencheram um questionário. Os dados foram analisados. Das 70 mães, 87,14% e 90,00% tinham idade inferior ou igual a 30 anos e renda de até um salário mínimo, respectivamente. Das 70 crianças, 87,14% tinham seus dentes/gengiva higienizados por seus pais ou responsável. Do total, 94,29% nunca se submeteram a atendimento odontológico. Observou-se associação significativa entre a mãe ter escolaridade superior ao ensino fundamental incompleto e higienizar os dentes/gengiva do filho com escova dental e dentifrício. Constatou-se associação significativa entre a criança ingerir bolacha doce/recheada, não consumir refrigerante e usar escova dental e dentifrício na higienização oral. Conclui-se que as crianças eram acompanhadas nas UBS regularmente; no entanto, esse serviço não esteve relacionado ao atendimento odontológico. Apesar da ausência desse tipo de acompanhamento e do consumo de alimentos cariogênicos, as mães se preocupavam com a saúde bucal das crianças, higienizando a cavidade oral diariamente, com meios adequados.

The immaturity of the immune system, associated with Social Determi- nants of Health (SDH), promotes diseases in childhood. Specifically, in the oral cavity, SDH, represented by high sugar consumption, limited access to health services, and poor oral hygiene, favors local and systemic disorders. Thus, the study aimed to associate the SDH, in the context of socioeconomic conditions, monitoring by the health service and aspects related to children's oral health assisted in Basic Health Units (BHU) of a muni- cipality in Ceará. This is an observational, analytical, cross-sectional study with a quan- titative approach conducted with children and their mothers in Acarape - CE. After con- sent, they filled out a questionnaire. Data were analyzed. Of the 70 mothers, 87.14% and 90.00% were aged less than or equal to 30 years and had income up to one minimum wage, respectively. Of the 70 children, 87.14% had their teeth/gums cleaned by their pa- rents or guardian. Of the total, 94.29% never underwent dental care. There was a signifi- cant association between the mother having higher education than incomplete elementary school and cleaning the child's teeth/gums with a toothbrush and toothpaste. A significant association was found between the child eating sweet/stuffed biscuits, not consuming soft drink, and using a toothbrush and dentifrice for oral hygiene. It is concluded that the chil- dren were regularly monitored at the BHU; however, this service was not related to dental care. Despite the absence of this type of follow-up and the consumption of cariogenic foods, the mothers were concerned about their children's oral health, cleaning the oral cavity daily with adequate means.

La inmadurez del sistema inmunológico, asociada a los Determinantes So- ciales de la Salud (DSS), promueve enfermedades en la infancia. Específicamente, en la cavidad bucal, los DSS, representados por el alto consumo de azúcar, el acceso limitado a los servicios de salud y la mala higiene bucal, favorecen los trastornos locales y sisté- micos. Así, el estudio tuvo como objetivo asociar el DSS, en el contexto de las condicio- nes socioeconómicas, el seguimiento por el servicio de salud y los aspectos relacionados con la salud bucal de los niños atendidos en las Unidades Básicas de Salud (UBS) de un municipio de Ceará. Se trata de un estudio observacional, analítico, transversal con enfo- que cuantitativo, realizado con niños y sus madres en Acarape ­ CE. Después del consen- timiento, completaron un cuestionario. Los datos fueron analizados. De las 70 madres, 87,14% y 90,00% tenían edad menor o igual a 30 años e ingresos hasta un salario mínimo, respectivamente. De los 70 niños, al 87,14% se les limpió los dientes/encías por sus pa- dres o tutores. Del total, el 94,29% nunca realizó atención odontológica. Hubo una aso- ciación significativa entre la madre con educación superior a la primaria incompleta y la limpieza de los dientes/encías del niño con cepillo y pasta dental. Se encontró una asoci- ación significativa entre el niño que come galletas dulces/rellenas, no consume gaseosas y usa cepillo de dientes y dentífrico para la higiene bucal. Se concluyó que los niños eran monitoreados periódicamente en la UBS; sin embargo, este servicio no estaba relacionado con el cuidado dental. A pesar de la ausencia de este tipo de seguimiento y del consumo de alimentos cariogénicos, las madres se preocupan por la salud bucal de sus hijos, reali- zando la limpieza de la cavidad bucal diariamente, con medios adecuados.

Anti-inflammatory activities of arthropod peptides: a systematic review

Peptides obtained from different animal species have gained importance recently due to research that aims to develop biopharmaceuticals with therapeutic potential. In this sense, arthropod venoms have drawn attention, not only because of their toxicity but mainly for the search for molecules with various bioactivities, including anti-inflammatory activity. The purpose of the present study is to gather data available in the literature on new peptides derived from arthropod species with anti-inflammatory potential. This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies on peptides from arthropods that display anti-inflammatory activity were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. The bibliographic research started in 2020 and searched papers without a limit on the publication date. The articles were analyzed using a search string containing the following terms: "Peptides" and "Anti-inflammatory", in combinations such as "Ant", "Bee", "Wasp", "Crab", "Shrimp", "Scorpion", "Spider", "Tick" and "Centipedes". Besides, a search was carried out in the databases with the terms: "Peptides", "Antitumor", or "Anticancer", and "Arthropods". Articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria totalized 171, and these served for data extraction. Additionally, the present review included anti-inflammatory peptides with anticancer properties. Peptides with confirmed anti-inflammatory activity were from insects (ants, bees, and wasps), crustaceans (shrimp and crabs), arachnids (scorpions, spiders, and ticks), and centipedes. These arthropod peptides act mainly by decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines as analyzed in vitro and in vivo. Some showed significant antineoplastic activity, working in essential cellular pathways against malignant neoplasms.(AU)

Anti-inflammatory activities of arthropod peptides: a systematic review

Abstract Peptides obtained from different animal species have gained importance recently due to research that aims to develop biopharmaceuticals with therapeutic potential. In this sense, arthropod venoms have drawn attention, not only because of their toxicity but mainly for the search for molecules with various bioactivities, including anti-inflammatory activity. The purpose of the present study is to gather data available in the literature on new peptides derived from arthropod species with anti-inflammatory potential. This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies on peptides from arthropods that display anti-inflammatory activity were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. The bibliographic research started in 2020 and searched papers without a limit on the publication date. The articles were analyzed using a search string containing the following terms: Peptides and Anti-inflammatory, in combinations such as Ant, Bee, Wasp, Crab, Shrimp, Scorpion, Spider, Tick and Centipedes. Besides, a search was carried out in the databases with the terms: Peptides, Antitumor, or Anticancer, and Arthropods. Articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria totalized 171, and these served for data extraction. Additionally, the present review included anti-inflammatory peptides with anticancer properties. Peptides with confirmed anti-inflammatory activity were from insects (ants, bees, and wasps), crustaceans (shrimp and crabs), arachnids (scorpions, spiders, and ticks), and centipedes. These arthropod peptides act mainly by decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines as analyzed in vitro and in vivo. Some showed significant antineoplastic activity, working in essential cellular pathways against malignant neoplasms.

Saúde bucal de universitários internacionais: da importância ao conhecimento e condutas frente às patologias orais / Oral health of international undergraduates: from importance to knowledge and conducts toward oral pathologies / Salud bucal de universitarios internacionales: de la importancia al conocimiento y conductas frente a las patologías orales

Objetivo: Investigar a importância da saúde bucal e a frequência e os meios utilizados na higienização da cavidade oral, assim como o conhecimento e as condutas de universitários frente às doenças bucais. Método: Estudo descritivo e qualitativo desenvolvido com universitários de diferentes nacionalidades. Os dados foram coletados pela aplicação de questionário. Resultados: Para os participantes, a importância da saúde bucal estava vinculada à prevenção de doenças, à estética, à autoestima e à saúde geral. Quanto à frequência e aos meios utilizados na escovação, todos higienizavam a cavidade oral diariamente e a maioria utilizava escova e creme dental. Eles associavam as doenças orais à dor, ao sangramento, aos problemas dentários e à falta de escovação. Além do dentista, buscavam o médico e o enfermeiro para resolução de problemas odontológicos. Conclusão: Apesar de reconhecerem a importância da saúde oral, o conhecimento dos universitários sobre as patologias bucais foi escasso e muito limitado

Objective: To investigate the importance of oral health and the frequency and means used to clean the oral cavity, as well as the knowledge and behavior of undergraduates regarding oral diseases. Method: Descriptive and qualitative study developed with undergraduates of different nationalities. The data were collected by the application of a questionnaire. Results: For the participants, the importance of oral health was linked to disease prevention, aesthetics, self-esteem and general health. As for the frequency and means used in brushing, they all cleaned the oral cavity daily and most of them used toothbrush and toothpaste. They associated oral diseases with pain, bleeding, dental problems and lack of brushing. Besides the dentist, they sought the doctor and the nurse to solve dental problems. Conclusion: Although they recognize the importance of oral health, the knowledge of undergraduates about oral pathologies was scarce and very limited

Objetivo: Investigar la importância de la salud bucal y la frecuencia y los medios utilizados en la higienizacíon de la cavidade oral, así como el conocimiento y las conductas de universitarios frente a las enfermidades bucales. Método: Estudio descriptivo y cualitativo desarrollado com universitarios de diferentes nacionalidades. Los datos fueron recolectados por la aplicación de cuestionario. Resultados: Para los participantes, la importancia de la salud bucal estaba vinculada a la prevención de enfermidades, a la estética, a la autoestima ya la salud general. Em cuanto a la frequencia y los medios utilizados en el cepillado, todos higienizaban la cavidad oral diariamente y la mayoría utilizaba cepillo y crema dental. Ellos asociaban las enfermedades orales al dolor, al sangrado, a los problemas dentales ya la falta de cepillado. Además del dentista, buscaban al médico y al enfermero para la resolucíon de problemas odontológicos. Conclusión: A pesar de reconocer la importancia de la salud oral, el conocimiento de los universitarios sobre las patologías buçales fue escaso y muy limitad

Conhecimento de usuários da Estratégia Saúde da Família sobre o câncer de boca / Useful knowledge of the family health strategy regarding oral cancer

Objetivo: Identificar o conhecimento sobre o câncer de boca dos pacientes da Estratégia Saúde da Família do Município de Quixadá, Ceará, Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, observacional, descritivo e analítico, realizado com 90 usuários de Unidades Básicas de Saúde no município de Quixadá, Ceará, Brasil. Participaram da pesquisa usuários dos serviços da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Para a coleta de dados, foi aplicado um questionário estruturado. Os dados foram analisados no programa estatístico Epi Info versão 7, considerando um nível de significância de 5%. O presente estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa do Centro Universitário Católica de Quixadá com o protocolo de número 1.499.677. Resultados: Quanto aos aspectos socioeconômicos, identificamos um maior número de participantes do sexo feminino (66,7%), idade entre 45 e 50 anos (31,1%), residem na zona urbana (60%), com ensino fundamental incompleto (41,1%) e renda familiar de um salário mínimo (47,8%). Quanto aos hábitos de saúde e conhecimento, 87,8% não são fumantes e 81,1% não fazem uso de álcool. Dentre os entrevistados 67,8 % não possuem nenhum tipo de conhecimento sobre câncer de boca; 75,6% nunca ouviram falar sobre o autoexame e 93,3% não sabem como realiza-lo. Observou-se associação estatisticamente significativa em ser do sexo masculino e o elevado consumo de álcool (p = 0,002) e entre ouvir falar do autoexame e residir em área de zona urbana (p = 0,001). Conclusão: O conhecimento sobre o câncer de boca dos usuários da Estratégia Saúde da Família do município de Quixadá mostra-se insuficiente.

Objective: To identify the knowledge about mouth cancer among patients from the Family Health Strategy of the Municipality of Quixadá, Ceará, Brasil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, observational, descriptive, and analytical study, carried out with 90 users of the Basic Health Units of the city of Quixadá, Ceará, Brasil. Users of the services of the Family Health Strategy participated in the survey. A structured questionnaire was applied for data collection. The data were analyzed in the statistical program Epi Info 7, considering a 5% level of significance. The present study was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of the Catholic University Center of Quixadá, logged under protocol number 1,499,677. Results: Regarding socioeconomic aspects, we identified a greater number of female participants (66.7%), between 45 and 50 years of age (31.1%), living in the urban area (60%), with incomplete elementary education (41.1%), and a family income of one minimum wage (47.8%). Regarding health and knowledge habits, 87.8% were not smokers and 81.1% had not used alcohol. Among those interviewed, 67.8% had no prior knowledge of oral cancer; 75.6% had never heard of self-examination; and 93.3% do not know how to perform this examination. A statistically significant association was observed between males and high alcohol consumption (p = 0.002), and between hearing about self-examination and residing in an urban area (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The knowledge about mouth cancer in users of the Family Health Strategy of the municipality of Quixadá is insufficient.